16.3 Skills 生命周期管理
生命周期概述
Skills 的生命周期管理涵盖了从创建到删除的整个过程。本节将详细介绍 Skills 的各个生命周期阶段及其管理方法。
生命周期阶段
1. 创建阶段
1.1 Skill 创建流程
Skill 创建流程
步骤 1：需求分析
- 明确 Skill 的目标
- 确定输入输出
- 识别关键功能
步骤 2：设计 Skill
- 设计接口
- 规划流程
- 选择实现方式
步骤 3：实现 Skill
- 编写代码
- 添加测试
- 编写文档
步骤 4：注册 Skill
- 添加到 Skill 库
- 配置元数据
- 设置权限
步骤 5：测试验证
- 功能测试
- 性能测试
- 用户测试
python
#### 1.2 创建 API
python
class SkillManager:
def __init__(self):
self.skills = {}
self.skill_registry = SkillRegistry()
def create_skill(self, skill_definition):
self.validate_definition(skill_definition)
skill = self.instantiate_skill(skill_definition)
skill_id = self.skill_registry.register(skill)
self.save_skill(skill_id, skill)
return skill_id
def validate_definition(self, definition):
required_fields = ["name", "version", "description"]
for field in required_fields:
if field not in definition:
raise ValueError(f"Missing required field: {field}")
def instantiate_skill(self, definition):
skill_type = definition.get("type", "natural_language")
if skill_type == "natural_language":
return NaturalLanguageSkill(definition)
elif skill_type == "example_driven":
return ExampleDrivenSkill(definition)
elif skill_type == "programmatic":
return ProgrammaticSkill(definition)
else:
raise ValueError(f"Unknown skill type: {skill_type}")
def save_skill(self, skill_id, skill):
skill_path = self.get_skill_path(skill_id)
with open(skill_path, 'w') as f:
json.dump(skill.to_dict(), f, indent=2)
### 2\. 激活阶段
#### 2.1 Skill 激活流程
## Skill 激活流程
### 步骤 1：加载 Skill- 读取 Skill 定义
- 解析配置
- 初始化 Skill
步骤 2：验证依赖
- 检查依赖项
- 验证版本兼容性
- 加载依赖
步骤 3：初始化 Skill
- 执行初始化逻辑
- 设置上下文
- 注册事件监听器
步骤 4：激活 Skill
- 标记为活跃状态
- 启用功能
- 开始监听事件
python
#### 2.2 激活 API
python
class SkillManager:
def activate_skill(self, skill_id):
skill = self.load_skill(skill_id)
self.verify_dependencies(skill)
skill.initialize()
skill.activate()
self.update_skill_status(skill_id, "active")
return skill
def load_skill(self, skill_id):
skill_path = self.get_skill_path(skill_id)
with open(skill_path, 'r') as f:
skill_data = json.load(f)
skill_type = skill_data["type"]
if skill_type == "natural_language":
skill = NaturalLanguageSkill(skill_data)
elif skill_type == "example_driven":
skill = ExampleDrivenSkill(skill_data)
elif skill_type == "programmatic":
skill = ProgrammaticSkill(skill_data)
else:
raise ValueError(f"Unknown skill type: {skill_type}")
return skill
def verify_dependencies(self, skill):
dependencies = skill.get_dependencies()
for dep in dependencies:
if not self.is_dependency_available(dep):
raise DependencyError(f"Dependency not available: {dep}")
def is_dependency_available(self, dependency):
pass
def update_skill_status(self, skill_id, status):
pass
### 3. 运行阶段
#### 3.1 Skill 执行流程
## Skill 执行流程
### 步骤 1：接收请求
- 接收用户请求
- 解析参数
- 验证输入
### 步骤 2：准备执行
- 收集上下文
- 准备资源
- 初始化状态
### 步骤 3：执行逻辑
- 执行 Skill 逻辑
- 调用工具
- 处理结果
### 步骤 4：返回结果
- 格式化输出
- 返回结果
- 清理资源
#### 3.2 执行 API
```python
class SkillExecutor:
def __init__(self):
self.context_manager = ContextManager()
self.resource_manager = ResourceManager()
```python
def execute(self, skill, parameters):
self.validate_parameters(skill, parameters)
context = self.prepare_context(skill, parameters)
resources = self.acquire_resources(skill, parameters)
try:
result = skill.execute(parameters, context)
formatted_result = self.format_result(result, skill)
return formatted_result
finally:
self.release_resources(resources)
def validate_parameters(self, skill, parameters):
schema = skill.get_parameter_schema()
for param in schema.get("required", []):
if param not in parameters:
raise ValueError(f"Missing required parameter: {param}")
def prepare_context(self, skill, parameters):
return self.context_manager.collect_context(skill, parameters)
def acquire_resources(self, skill, parameters):
return self.resource_manager.acquire(skill.get_resource_requirements())
def format_result(self, result, skill):
output_format = skill.get_output_format()
if output_format == "json":
return json.dumps(result)
elif output_format == "markdown":
return self.to_markdown(result)
else:
return result
def release_resources(self, resources):
self.resource_manager.release(resources)
### 4. 更新阶段
#### 4.1 Skill 更新流程
## Skill 更新流程
### 步骤 1：检查更新
- 检查新版本
- 验证兼容性
- 备份当前版本
### 步骤 2：下载更新
- 下载新版本
- 验证完整性
- 解压更新
### 步骤 3：应用更新
- 停用 Skill
- 替换文件
- 迁移配置
### 步骤 4：重新激活
- 验证更新
- 重新激活
- 测试功能
#### 4.2 更新 API
```python
class SkillUpdater:
def __init__(self):
self.backup_manager = BackupManager()
self.config_migrator = ConfigMigrator()
def update_skill(self, skill_id, new_version):
current_version = self.get_current_version(skill_id)
if not self.should_update(current_version, new_version):
return False
backup = self.backup_manager.create_backup(skill_id)
try:
update_data = self.download_update(skill_id, new_version)
self.validate_update(update_data)
self.deactivate_skill(skill_id)
self.apply_update(skill_id, update_data)
self.migrate_config(skill_id, current_version, new_version)
self.activate_skill(skill_id)
self.verify_update(skill_id)
return True
except Exception as e:
self.rollback_update(skill_id, backup)
raise e
def should_update(self, current_version, new_version):
return self.compare_versions(current_version, new_version) < 0
def compare_versions(self, v1, v2):
v1_parts = [int(x) for x in v1.split(".")]
v2_parts = [int(x) for x in v2.split(".")]
for a, b in zip(v1_parts, v2_parts):
if a < b:
return -1
elif a > b:
return 1
return 0
def download_update(self, skill_id, version):
# 下载更新
pass
def validate_update(self, update_data):
# 验证更新
pass
def apply_update(self, skill_id, update_data):
# 应用更新
pass
def migrate_config(self, skill_id, from_version, to_version):
# 迁移配置
self.config_migrator.migrate(skill_id, from_version, to_version)
def verify_update(self, skill_id):
# 验证更新
pass
def rollback_update(self, skill_id, backup):
# 回滚更新
self.backup_manager.restore_backup(skill_id, backup)
### 5. 停用阶段
#### 5.1 Skill 停用流程
## Skill 停用流程
### 步骤 1：停止执行
- 停止新的请求
- 完成正在执行的请求
- 等待所有操作完成
### 步骤 2：清理资源
- 释放资源
- 关闭连接
- 清理缓存
### 步骤 3：保存状态
- 保存当前状态
- 保存执行历史
- 保存配置
### 步骤 4：标记为停用
- 更新状态
- 禁用功能
- 停止监听事件
#### 5.2 停用 API
```python
class SkillManager:
def deactivate_skill(self, skill_id):
self.stop_execution(skill_id)
self.wait_for_completion(skill_id)
self.cleanup_resources(skill_id)
self.save_state(skill_id)
self.update_skill_status(skill_id, "inactive")
def stop_execution(self, skill_id):
skill = self.get_skill(skill_id)
skill.stop()
def wait_for_completion(self, skill_id):
skill = self.get_skill(skill_id)
skill.wait_for_completion()
def cleanup_resources(self, skill_id):
skill = self.get_skill(skill_id)
resources = skill.get_resources()
for resource in resources:
resource.release()
def save_state(self, skill_id):
skill = self.get_skill(skill_id)
state = skill.get_state()
state_path = self.get_state_path(skill_id)
with open(state_path, 'w') as f:
json.dump(state, f)
def update_skill_status(self, skill_id, status):
# 更新状态
pass
### 6. 删除阶段
#### 6.1 Skill 删除流程
## Skill 删除流程
### 步骤 1：确认删除
- 显示删除警告
- 确认删除操作
- 检查依赖关系
### 步骤 2：停用 Skill
- 停止执行
- 清理资源
- 保存状态
### 步骤 3：删除文件
- 删除 Skill 文件
- 删除配置文件
- 删除状态文件
### 步骤 4：清理注册
- 从注册表移除
- 清理引用
- 更新索引
#### 6.2 删除 API
```python
class SkillManager:
def delete_skill(self, skill_id, force=False):
# 确认删除
if not force and not self.confirm_deletion(skill_id):
return False
# 检查依赖
dependents = self.get_dependents(skill_id)
if dependents and not force:
raise DependencyError(f"Skill has dependents: {dependents}")
# 停用 Skill
self.deactivate_skill(skill_id)
# 删除文件
self.delete_skill_files(skill_id)
# 清理注册
self.unregister_skill(skill_id)
return True
def confirm_deletion(self, skill_id):
skill = self.get_skill(skill_id)
print(f"Are you sure you want to delete skill '{skill.name}'?")
response = input("Type 'yes' to confirm: ")
return response.lower() == "yes"
def get_dependents(self, skill_id):
# 获取依赖此 Skill 的其他 Skills
pass
def delete_skill_files(self, skill_id):
skill_path = self.get_skill_path(skill_id)
config_path = self.get_config_path(skill_id)
state_path = self.get_state_path(skill_id)
for path in [skill_path, config_path, state_path]:
if os.path.exists(path):
os.remove(path)
def unregister_skill(self, skill_id):
self.skill_registry.unregister(skill_id)
## 状态管理
### 1. 状态定义
## Skill 状态
### 状态类型
- CREATED: 已创建
- ACTIVATING: 激活中
- ACTIVE: 活跃
- DEACTIVATING: 停用中
- INACTIVE: 停用
- UPDATING: 更新中
- ERROR: 错误
- DELETED: 已删除
### 状态转换
CREATED → ACTIVATING → ACTIVE
ACTIVE → DEACTIVATING → INACTIVE
ACTIVE → UPDATING → ACTIVE
ACTIVE → ERROR → INACTIVE
INACTIVE → DELETED
### 2\. 状态转换
pythonclass SkillStateMachine:
def __init__(self):
self.transitions = {
"CREATED": ["ACTIVATING", "DELETED"],
"ACTIVATING": ["ACTIVE", "ERROR"],
"ACTIVE": ["DEACTIVATING", "UPDATING", "ERROR"],
"DEACTIVATING": ["INACTIVE", "ERROR"],
"INACTIVE": ["ACTIVATING", "DELETED"],
"UPDATING": ["ACTIVE", "ERROR"],
"ERROR": ["INACTIVE", "DELETED"],
"DELETED": []
}
def can_transition(self, from_state, to_state):
return to_state in self.transitions.get(from_state, [])
def transition(self, skill_id, new_state):
current_state = self.get_current_state(skill_id)
if not self.can_transition(current_state, new_state):
raise InvalidStateTransitionError(
f"Cannot transition from {current_state} to {new_state}"
)
self.set_state(skill_id, new_state)
def get_current_state(self, skill_id):
# 获取当前状态
pass
def set_state(self, skill_id, state):
# 设置状态
pass
## 版本管理
### 1. 版本控制
```python
class SkillVersionManager:
def __init__(self):
self.versions = {}
python
def create_version(self, skill_id, version_number, changes):
version = {
"id": self.generate_version_id(),
"skill_id": skill_id,
"version": version_number,
"created_at": datetime.now(),
"changes": changes,
"checksum": self.calculate_checksum(skill_id)
}
if skill_id not in self.versions:
self.versions[skill_id] = []
self.versions[skill_id].append(version)
return version["id"]
def get_version(self, skill_id, version_number):
versions = self.versions.get(skill_id, [])
for version in versions:
if version["version"] == version_number:
return version
return None
def get_latest_version(self, skill_id):
versions = self.versions.get(skill_id, [])
if not versions:
return None
return versions[-1]
def list_versions(self, skill_id):
return self.versions.get(skill_id, [])
def rollback_to_version(self, skill_id, version_number):
version = self.get_version(skill_id, version_number)
if not version:
raise VersionNotFoundError(version_number)
self.restore_version(skill_id, version)
def generate_version_id(self):
return str(uuid.uuid4())
def calculate_checksum(self, skill_id):
pass
def restore_version(self, skill_id, version):
pass
### 2\. 变更日志
pythonpython
class ChangeLog:
def __init__(self):
self.entries = []
def add_entry(self, skill_id, version, changes):
entry = {
"id": self.generate_entry_id(),
"skill_id": skill_id,
"version": version,
"timestamp": datetime.now(),
"changes": changes
}
self.entries.append(entry)
return entry["id"]
def get_entries(self, skill_id):
return [e for e in self.entries if e["skill_id"] == skill_id]
def get_entry(self, entry_id):
for entry in self.entries:
if entry["id"] == entry_id:
return entry
return None
def generate_changelog(self, skill_id, from_version, to_version):
entries = self.get_entries(skill_id)
changelog = []
for entry in entries:
version = entry["version"]
if self.compare_versions(from_version, version) <= 0 and \
self.compare_versions(version, to_version) <= 0:
changelog.append(entry)
return changelog
def generate_entry_id(self):
return str(uuid.uuid4())
def compare_versions(self, v1, v2):
v1_parts = [int(x) for x in v1.split(".")]
v2_parts = [int(x) for x in v2.split(".")]
for a, b in zip(v1_parts, v2_parts):
if a < b:
return -1
elif a > b:
return 1
return 0
## 依赖管理
### 1. 依赖解析
```python
class DependencyResolver:
def __init__(self):
self.dependency_graph = {}
def add_dependency(self, skill_id, depends_on):
if skill_id not in self.dependency_graph:
self.dependency_graph[skill_id] = []
if depends_on not in self.dependency_graph[skill_id]:
self.dependency_graph[skill_id].append(depends_on)
def resolve_dependencies(self, skill_id):
visited = set()
result = []
def visit(node):
if node in visited:
return
visited.add(node)
for dep in self.dependency_graph.get(node, []):
visit(dep)
result.append(node)
visit(skill_id)
return result
def check_circular_dependencies(self):
visited = set()
rec_stack = set()
def dfs(node):
visited.add(node)
rec_stack.add(node)
for dep in self.dependency_graph.get(node, []):
if dep not in visited:
if dfs(dep):
return True
elif dep in rec_stack:
return True
rec_stack.remove(node)
return False
for node in self.dependency_graph:
if node not in visited:
if dfs(node):
return True
return False
### 2\. 依赖安装
pythonclass DependencyInstaller:
def __init__(self):
self.resolver = DependencyResolver()
def install_dependencies(self, skill_id):
# 解析依赖
dependencies = self.resolver.resolve_dependencies(skill_id)
# 安装依赖
for dep_id in dependencies:
if dep_id != skill_id:
self.install_skill(dep_id)
def install_skill(self, skill_id):
# 安装 Skill
pass
def uninstall_dependencies(self, skill_id):
# 查找依赖此 Skill 的其他 Skills
dependents = self.get_dependents(skill_id)
# 如果没有其他依赖，可以卸载
if not dependents:
self.uninstall_skill(skill_id)
def get_dependents(self, skill_id):
# 获取依赖此 Skill 的其他 Skills
pass
总结
Skills 的生命周期管理是一个复杂而重要的过程，涉及创建、激活、运行、更新、停用和删除等多个阶段。通过有效的生命周期管理，可以确保 Skills 的稳定运行和持续改进。
在下一节中，我们将探讨 Skills 的权限控制，了解如何管理和限制 Skills 的访问权限。